What does the Establishment Clause prohibit?

• A. Government regulating religious practices.
• B. Government enforcing religious tests.
• C. Government providing funding to all religious groups.
• D. Government sponsoring or supporting a religion.

Answer: (D)

The Establishment Clause prevents the government from endorsing or backing a religion. It’s about keeping government neutral toward religion and not taking sides. Sponsoring or supporting a religion would be a clear act of establishment, so the option describing the government as sponsoring or supporting a religion best captures what the clause prohibits.

Regulating religious practices isn’t the core concern here, since some regulation can be necessary for public safety or order. Enforcing religious tests for office relates to equal protection and civil rights, not establishment. Providing funding to all religious groups can raise concerns about endorsement, but the direct act the clause targets is government sponsorship or support of religion, which is why that option is the best fit.