Under Double Jeopardy, which scenario allows retrial?

• A. Reversal on procedural grounds
• B. Mis-trial
• C. Two different governments involved
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Jeopardy ends only with a final conviction or acquittal, but retrial is allowed in a few specific situations. A reversal on procedural grounds means the appellate court found improper procedure and remands for a new trial, so the case can start over without violating double jeopardy. A mistrial stops the trial without a final resolution, so retrial is appropriate to pursue the charges. When two different governments are involved, each is treated as a separate sovereign, so they may both prosecute for the same conduct; this dual sovereignty exception allows a second trial by the other government. Because each of these scenarios permits a fresh proceeding despite the prior action, all of the above scenarios justify retrial.